Germany Set to Miss 2030 Climate Targets Due to Slow Progress in Transport and Buildings Sectors

Political and Social Challenges

Implementing effective climate measures in these sectors has proven politically difficult. "Es ist einfach schwierig, Maßnahmen in diesen Sektoren politisch durchzubringen, die tatsächlich zu einer Senkung der Emissionen führen," Schlomann told ARD’s climate editorial team.

The debate over Germany’s Building Energy Act, also known as the Heating Act, exemplifies these challenges. The law requires new heating systems to run on at least 65% renewable energy, but it has faced significant public backlash. "Viele Menschen haben sich bevormundet gefühlt," said climate researcher Niklas Höhne.

Long-Term Impact of Delayed Measures

Measures in the buildings sector often take years to show results. "Neue Heizungen oder Gebäudesanierungen schlagen oft erst Jahre später wirklich auf die Emissionen durch," Schlomann noted. This delay complicates efforts to meet short-term climate targets.

Similarly, in the transport sector, the phase-out of internal combustion engines by 2035 is expected to reduce emissions, but the transition is slow. "Das führt dazu, dass der Verbrennungsmotor im Grunde ausläuft," Höhne explained.

Call for Reliable Policies

Experts emphasize the need for consistent and reliable climate policies. "Es muss eine klare Linie geben," Höhne said, criticizing the lack of political reliability. Public acceptance of climate measures is also crucial, particularly when they directly affect daily life, such as heating and commuting.

The Expert Council has urged policymakers to focus on socially acceptable climate measures to ensure broader support. "Aber auch das ist politisch extrem unattraktiv," Höhne admitted, highlighting the tension between effective climate action and political feasibility.